import asyncio
import http
import logging
import re
import urllib
from asyncio.events import TimerHandle
from collections import deque
from typing import (
    Any,
    Callable,
    Deque,
    Dict,
    List,
    Literal,
    Optional,
    Tuple,
    Union,
    cast,
)

import httptools

from uvicorn._types import (
    ASGI3Application,
    ASGIReceiveEvent,
    ASGISendEvent,
    HTTPDisconnectEvent,
    HTTPRequestEvent,
    HTTPResponseBodyEvent,
    HTTPResponseStartEvent,
    HTTPScope,
)
from uvicorn.config import Config
from uvicorn.logging import TRACE_LOG_LEVEL
from uvicorn.protocols.http.flow_control import (
    CLOSE_HEADER,
    HIGH_WATER_LIMIT,
    FlowControl,
    service_unavailable,
)
from uvicorn.protocols.utils import (
    get_client_addr,
    get_local_addr,
    get_path_with_query_string,
    get_remote_addr,
    is_ssl,
)
from uvicorn.server import ServerState

HEADER_RE = re.compile(b'[\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>@,;:[]={} \t\\"]')
HEADER_VALUE_RE = re.compile(b"[\x00-\x1F\x7F]")


def _get_status_line(status_code: int) -> bytes:
    try:
        phrase = http.HTTPStatus(status_code).phrase.encode()
    except ValueError:
        phrase = b""
    return b"".join([b"HTTP/1.1 ", str(status_code).encode(), b" ", phrase, b"\r\n"])


STATUS_LINE = {
    status_code: _get_status_line(status_code) for status_code in range(100, 600)
}


class HttpToolsProtocol(asyncio.Protocol):
    def __init__(
        self,
        config: Config,
        server_state: ServerState,
        app_state: Dict[str, Any],
        _loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None,
    ) -> None:
        if not config.loaded:
            config.load()

        self.config = config
        self.app = config.loaded_app
        self.loop = _loop or asyncio.get_event_loop()
        self.logger = logging.getLogger("uvicorn.error")
        self.access_logger = logging.getLogger("uvicorn.access")
        self.access_log = self.access_logger.hasHandlers()
        self.parser = httptools.HttpRequestParser(self)
        self.ws_protocol_class = config.ws_protocol_class
        self.root_path = config.root_path
        self.limit_concurrency = config.limit_concurrency
        self.app_state = app_state

        # Timeouts
        self.timeout_keep_alive_task: Optional[TimerHandle] = None
        self.timeout_keep_alive = config.timeout_keep_alive

        # Global state
        self.server_state = server_state
        self.connections = server_state.connections
        self.tasks = server_state.tasks

        # Per-connection state
        self.transport: asyncio.Transport = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
        self.flow: FlowControl = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
        self.server: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None
        self.client: Optional[Tuple[str, int]] = None
        self.scheme: Optional[Literal["http", "https"]] = None
        self.pipeline: Deque[Tuple[RequestResponseCycle, ASGI3Application]] = deque()

        # Per-request state
        self.scope: HTTPScope = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
        self.headers: List[Tuple[bytes, bytes]] = None  # type: ignore[assignment]
        self.expect_100_continue = False
        self.cycle: RequestResponseCycle = None  # type: ignore[assignment]

    # Protocol interface
    def connection_made(  # type: ignore[override]
        self, transport: asyncio.Transport
    ) -> None:
        self.connections.add(self)

        self.transport = transport
        self.flow = FlowControl(transport)
        self.server = get_local_addr(transport)
        self.client = get_remote_addr(transport)
        self.scheme = "https" if is_ssl(transport) else "http"

        if self.logger.level <= TRACE_LOG_LEVEL:
            prefix = "%s:%d - " % self.client if self.client else ""
            self.logger.log(TRACE_LOG_LEVEL, "%sHTTP connection made", prefix)

    def connection_lost(self, exc: Optional[Exception]) -> None:
        self.connections.discard(self)

        if self.logger.level <= TRACE_LOG_LEVEL:
            prefix = "%s:%d - " % self.client if self.client else ""
            self.logger.log(TRACE_LOG_LEVEL, "%sHTTP connection lost", prefix)

        if self.cycle and not self.cycle.response_complete:
            self.cycle.disconnected = True
        if self.cycle is not None:
            self.cycle.message_event.set()
        if self.flow is not None:
            self.flow.resume_writing()
        if exc is None:
            self.transport.close()
            self._unset_keepalive_if_required()

        self.parser = None

    def eof_received(self) -> None:
        pass

    def _unset_keepalive_if_required(self) -> None:
        if self.timeout_keep_alive_task is not None:
            self.timeout_keep_alive_task.cancel()
            self.timeout_keep_alive_task = None

    def _get_upgrade(self) -> Optional[bytes]:
        connection = []
        upgrade = None
        for name, value in self.headers:
            if name == b"connection":
                connection = [token.lower().strip() for token in value.split(b",")]
            if name == b"upgrade":
                upgrade = value.lower()
        if b"upgrade" in connection:
            return upgrade
        return None

    def _should_upgrade_to_ws(self, upgrade: Optional[bytes]) -> bool:
        if upgrade == b"websocket" and self.ws_protocol_class is not None:
            return True
        if self.config.ws == "auto":
            msg = "Unsupported upgrade request."
            self.logger.warning(msg)
            msg = "No supported WebSocket library detected. Please use \"pip install 'uvicorn[standard]'\", or install 'websockets' or 'wsproto' manually."  # noqa: E501
            self.logger.warning(msg)
        return False

    def _should_upgrade(self) -> bool:
        upgrade = self._get_upgrade()
        return self._should_upgrade_to_ws(upgrade)

    def data_received(self, data: bytes) -> None:
        self._unset_keepalive_if_required()

        try:
            self.parser.feed_data(data)
        except httptools.HttpParserError:
            msg = "Invalid HTTP request received."
            self.logger.warning(msg)
            self.send_400_response(msg)
            return
        except httptools.HttpParserUpgrade:
            upgrade = self._get_upgrade()
            if self._should_upgrade_to_ws(upgrade):
                self.handle_websocket_upgrade()

    def handle_websocket_upgrade(self) -> None:
        if self.logger.level <= TRACE_LOG_LEVEL:
            prefix = "%s:%d - " % self.client if self.client else ""
            self.logger.log(TRACE_LOG_LEVEL, "%sUpgrading to WebSocket", prefix)

        self.connections.discard(self)
        method = self.scope["method"].encode()
        output = [method, b" ", self.url, b" HTTP/1.1\r\n"]
        for name, value in self.scope["headers"]:
            output += [name, b": ", value, b"\r\n"]
        output.append(b"\r\n")
        protocol = self.ws_protocol_class(  # type: ignore[call-arg, misc]
            config=self.config,
            server_state=self.server_state,
            app_state=self.app_state,
        )
        protocol.connection_made(self.transport)
        protocol.data_received(b"".join(output))
        self.transport.set_protocol(protocol)

    def send_400_response(self, msg: str) -> None:
        content = [STATUS_LINE[400]]
        for name, value in self.server_state.default_headers:
            content.extend([name, b": ", value, b"\r\n"])
        content.extend(
            [
                b"content-type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\r\n",
                b"content-length: " + str(len(msg)).encode("ascii") + b"\r\n",
                b"connection: close\r\n",
                b"\r\n",
                msg.encode("ascii"),
            ]
        )
        self.transport.write(b"".join(content))
        self.transport.close()

    def on_message_begin(self) -> None:
        self.url = b""
        self.expect_100_continue = False
        self.headers = []
        self.scope = {  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
            "type": "http",
            "asgi": {"version": self.config.asgi_version, "spec_version": "2.3"},
            "http_version": "1.1",
            "server": self.server,
            "client": self.client,
            "scheme": self.scheme,  # type: ignore[typeddict-item]
            "root_path": self.root_path,
            "headers": self.headers,
            "state": self.app_state.copy(),
        }

    # Parser callbacks
    def on_url(self, url: bytes) -> None:
        self.url += url

    def on_header(self, name: bytes, value: bytes) -> None:
        name = name.lower()
        if name == b"expect" and value.lower() == b"100-continue":
            self.expect_100_continue = True
        self.headers.append((name, value))

    def on_headers_complete(self) -> None:
        http_version = self.parser.get_http_version()
        method = self.parser.get_method()
        self.scope["method"] = method.decode("ascii")
        if http_version != "1.1":
            self.scope["http_version"] = http_version
        if self.parser.should_upgrade() and self._should_upgrade():
            return
        parsed_url = httptools.parse_url(self.url)
        raw_path = parsed_url.path
        path = raw_path.decode("ascii")
        if "%" in path:
            path = urllib.parse.unquote(path)
        self.scope["path"] = path
        self.scope["raw_path"] = raw_path
        self.scope["query_string"] = parsed_url.query or b""

        # Handle 503 responses when 'limit_concurrency' is exceeded.
        if self.limit_concurrency is not None and (
            len(self.connections) >= self.limit_concurrency
            or len(self.tasks) >= self.limit_concurrency
        ):
            app = service_unavailable
            message = "Exceeded concurrency limit."
            self.logger.warning(message)
        else:
            app = self.app

        existing_cycle = self.cycle
        self.cycle = RequestResponseCycle(
            scope=self.scope,
            transport=self.transport,
            flow=self.flow,
            logger=self.logger,
            access_logger=self.access_logger,
            access_log=self.access_log,
            default_headers=self.server_state.default_headers,
            message_event=asyncio.Event(),
            expect_100_continue=self.expect_100_continue,
            keep_alive=http_version != "1.0",
            on_response=self.on_response_complete,
        )
        if existing_cycle is None or existing_cycle.response_complete:
            # Standard case - start processing the request.
            task = self.loop.create_task(self.cycle.run_asgi(app))
            task.add_done_callback(self.tasks.discard)
            self.tasks.add(task)
        else:
            # Pipelined HTTP requests need to be queued up.
            self.flow.pause_reading()
            self.pipeline.appendleft((self.cycle, app))

    def on_body(self, body: bytes) -> None:
        if (
            self.parser.should_upgrade() and self._should_upgrade()
        ) or self.cycle.response_complete:
            return
        self.cycle.body += body
        if len(self.cycle.body) > HIGH_WATER_LIMIT:
            self.flow.pause_reading()
        self.cycle.message_event.set()

    def on_message_complete(self) -> None:
        if (
            self.parser.should_upgrade() and self._should_upgrade()
        ) or self.cycle.response_complete:
            return
        self.cycle.more_body = False
        self.cycle.message_event.set()

    def on_response_complete(self) -> None:
        # Callback for pipelined HTTP requests to be started.
        self.server_state.total_requests += 1

        if self.transport.is_closing():
            return

        # Set a short Keep-Alive timeout.
        self._unset_keepalive_if_required()

        self.timeout_keep_alive_task = self.loop.call_later(
            self.timeout_keep_alive, self.timeout_keep_alive_handler
        )

        # Unpause data reads if needed.
        self.flow.resume_reading()

        # Unblock any pipelined events.
        if self.pipeline:
            cycle, app = self.pipeline.pop()
            task = self.loop.create_task(cycle.run_asgi(app))
            task.add_done_callback(self.tasks.discard)
            self.tasks.add(task)

    def shutdown(self) -> None:
        """
        Called by the server to commence a graceful shutdown.
        """
        if self.cycle is None or self.cycle.response_complete:
            self.transport.close()
        else:
            self.cycle.keep_alive = False

    def pause_writing(self) -> None:
        """
        Called by the transport when the write buffer exceeds the high water mark.
        """
        self.flow.pause_writing()

    def resume_writing(self) -> None:
        """
        Called by the transport when the write buffer drops below the low water mark.
        """
        self.flow.resume_writing()

    def timeout_keep_alive_handler(self) -> None:
        """
        Called on a keep-alive connection if no new data is received after a short
        delay.
        """
        if not self.transport.is_closing():
            self.transport.close()


class RequestResponseCycle:
    def __init__(
        self,
        scope: "HTTPScope",
        transport: asyncio.Transport,
        flow: FlowControl,
        logger: logging.Logger,
        access_logger: logging.Logger,
        access_log: bool,
        default_headers: List[Tuple[bytes, bytes]],
        message_event: asyncio.Event,
        expect_100_continue: bool,
        keep_alive: bool,
        on_response: Callable[..., None],
    ):
        self.scope = scope
        self.transport = transport
        self.flow = flow
        self.logger = logger
        self.access_logger = access_logger
        self.access_log = access_log
        self.default_headers = default_headers
        self.message_event = message_event
        self.on_response = on_response

        # Connection state
        self.disconnected = False
        self.keep_alive = keep_alive
        self.waiting_for_100_continue = expect_100_continue

        # Request state
        self.body = b""
        self.more_body = True

        # Response state
        self.response_started = False
        self.response_complete = False
        self.chunked_encoding: Optional[bool] = None
        self.expected_content_length = 0

    # ASGI exception wrapper
    async def run_asgi(self, app: "ASGI3Application") -> None:
        try:
            result = await app(  # type: ignore[func-returns-value]
                self.scope, self.receive, self.send
            )
        except BaseException as exc:
            msg = "Exception in ASGI application\n"
            self.logger.error(msg, exc_info=exc)
            if not self.response_started:
                await self.send_500_response()
            else:
                self.transport.close()
        else:
            if result is not None:
                msg = "ASGI callable should return None, but returned '%s'."
                self.logger.error(msg, result)
                self.transport.close()
            elif not self.response_started and not self.disconnected:
                msg = "ASGI callable returned without starting response."
                self.logger.error(msg)
                await self.send_500_response()
            elif not self.response_complete and not self.disconnected:
                msg = "ASGI callable returned without completing response."
                self.logger.error(msg)
                self.transport.close()
        finally:
            self.on_response = lambda: None

    async def send_500_response(self) -> None:
        response_start_event: "HTTPResponseStartEvent" = {
            "type": "http.response.start",
            "status": 500,
            "headers": [
                (b"content-type", b"text/plain; charset=utf-8"),
                (b"connection", b"close"),
            ],
        }
        await self.send(response_start_event)
        response_body_event: "HTTPResponseBodyEvent" = {
            "type": "http.response.body",
            "body": b"Internal Server Error",
            "more_body": False,
        }
        await self.send(response_body_event)

    # ASGI interface
    async def send(self, message: "ASGISendEvent") -> None:
        message_type = message["type"]

        if self.flow.write_paused and not self.disconnected:
            await self.flow.drain()

        if self.disconnected:
            return

        if not self.response_started:
            # Sending response status line and headers
            if message_type != "http.response.start":
                msg = "Expected ASGI message 'http.response.start', but got '%s'."
                raise RuntimeError(msg % message_type)
            message = cast("HTTPResponseStartEvent", message)

            self.response_started = True
            self.waiting_for_100_continue = False

            status_code = message["status"]
            headers = self.default_headers + list(message.get("headers", []))

            if CLOSE_HEADER in self.scope["headers"] and CLOSE_HEADER not in headers:
                headers = headers + [CLOSE_HEADER]

            if self.access_log:
                self.access_logger.info(
                    '%s - "%s %s HTTP/%s" %d',
                    get_client_addr(self.scope),
                    self.scope["method"],
                    get_path_with_query_string(self.scope),
                    self.scope["http_version"],
                    status_code,
                )

            # Write response status line and headers
            content = [STATUS_LINE[status_code]]

            for name, value in headers:
                if HEADER_RE.search(name):
                    raise RuntimeError("Invalid HTTP header name.")
                if HEADER_VALUE_RE.search(value):
                    raise RuntimeError("Invalid HTTP header value.")

                name = name.lower()
                if name == b"content-length" and self.chunked_encoding is None:
                    self.expected_content_length = int(value.decode())
                    self.chunked_encoding = False
                elif name == b"transfer-encoding" and value.lower() == b"chunked":
                    self.expected_content_length = 0
                    self.chunked_encoding = True
                elif name == b"connection" and value.lower() == b"close":
                    self.keep_alive = False
                content.extend([name, b": ", value, b"\r\n"])

            if (
                self.chunked_encoding is None
                and self.scope["method"] != "HEAD"
                and status_code not in (204, 304)
            ):
                # Neither content-length nor transfer-encoding specified
                self.chunked_encoding = True
                content.append(b"transfer-encoding: chunked\r\n")

            content.append(b"\r\n")
            self.transport.write(b"".join(content))

        elif not self.response_complete:
            # Sending response body
            if message_type != "http.response.body":
                msg = "Expected ASGI message 'http.response.body', but got '%s'."
                raise RuntimeError(msg % message_type)

            body = cast(bytes, message.get("body", b""))
            more_body = message.get("more_body", False)

            # Write response body
            if self.scope["method"] == "HEAD":
                self.expected_content_length = 0
            elif self.chunked_encoding:
                if body:
                    content = [b"%x\r\n" % len(body), body, b"\r\n"]
                else:
                    content = []
                if not more_body:
                    content.append(b"0\r\n\r\n")
                self.transport.write(b"".join(content))
            else:
                num_bytes = len(body)
                if num_bytes > self.expected_content_length:
                    raise RuntimeError("Response content longer than Content-Length")
                else:
                    self.expected_content_length -= num_bytes
                self.transport.write(body)

            # Handle response completion
            if not more_body:
                if self.expected_content_length != 0:
                    raise RuntimeError("Response content shorter than Content-Length")
                self.response_complete = True
                self.message_event.set()
                if not self.keep_alive:
                    self.transport.close()
                self.on_response()

        else:
            # Response already sent
            msg = "Unexpected ASGI message '%s' sent, after response already completed."
            raise RuntimeError(msg % message_type)

    async def receive(self) -> "ASGIReceiveEvent":
        if self.waiting_for_100_continue and not self.transport.is_closing():
            self.transport.write(b"HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n")
            self.waiting_for_100_continue = False

        if not self.disconnected and not self.response_complete:
            self.flow.resume_reading()
            await self.message_event.wait()
            self.message_event.clear()

        message: "Union[HTTPDisconnectEvent, HTTPRequestEvent]"
        if self.disconnected or self.response_complete:
            message = {"type": "http.disconnect"}
        else:
            message = {
                "type": "http.request",
                "body": self.body,
                "more_body": self.more_body,
            }
            self.body = b""

        return message
